First Circuit: LED Control, PWM & Breadboarding

Hands-on circuit assembly: Current limiting resistors, digitalWrite, delay, and analogWrite for fading.

Key Technical Points

• •How breadboard buses and power rails work internally.
• •Calculating current limiting resistor: R = (5V - 2V) / 0.02A = 150-220 Ohms.
• •Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) concept and duty cycle explanation.